Linde (LIN) R&D US GAAP (year values)

2021 2021 2022 2022 2023   LTM ? CAGR 5 years ?
R&D, bln rub 143.0 143.0 143.0 146.0   150.0  
Changes by years, y/y, % -100% 0% 0% +2%     +5.3%

Linde. R&D, bln rub

Linde. R&D, changes, %

Linde. R&D, sum by quarters, bln rub

Linde (LIN) R&D US GAAP (quarter values)

2023Q4 2023Q4 2024Q1 2024Q2 2024Q3   LTM ?
R&D, bln rub 39.0 39.0 38.0 36.0 37.0   150.0
Changes by years, y/y, % +8% +8% +6% +3% +3%    
Changes by quarters, q/q, % +8% 0% -3% -5% +3%    

Linde. R&D, bln rub

Linde. R&D, changes, y/y, %

Linde. R&D, changes, q/q, %